Legislature(1993 - 1994)

02/08/1993 08:30 AM House FSH

Audio Topic
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
txt
                                                                               
              HOUSE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON FISHERIES                             
                        February 8, 1993                                       
                            8:30 a.m.                                          
                                                                               
                                                                               
  MEMBERS PRESENT                                                              
                                                                               
  Representative Carl E. Moses, Chairman                                       
  Representative Harley Olberg, Vice Chairman                                  
  Representative Gail Phillips                                                 
  Representative Irene Nicholia                                                
  Representative Cliff Davidson                                                
                                                                               
  MEMBERS ABSENT                                                               
                                                                               
  None                                                                         
                                                                               
  OTHER MEMBERS PRESENT                                                        
                                                                               
  Representative Ben Grussendorf                                               
  Representative Fran Ulmer                                                    
                                                                               
  COMMITTEE CALENDAR                                                           
                                                                               
  Overview:  International Fisheries issues                                    
                                                                               
                                                                               
  WITNESS REGISTER                                                             
                                                                               
  David Benton, Director                                                       
  External and International Fisheries Affairs                                 
  Alaska Department of Fish & Game                                             
  1255 W. 8th St.                                                              
  Juneau, AK  99802-5526                                                       
  Phone:  465-4100                                                             
  Position Statement: Commented on and gave a brief overview                   
                      of high seas salmon interception, high                   
                      seas driftnetting and the central Bering                 
                      Sea donut hole.                                          
                                                                               
  Representative Ben Grussendorf                                               
  State Capitol, Room 415                                                      
  Juneau, Alaska  99811-1182                                                   
  Phone:  465-3824                                                             
  Position Statement: Commented on the differences in                          
                      negotiating with the former USSR and the                 
                      new Russian Republics.                                   
                                                                               
  ACTION NARRATIVE                                                             
                                                                               
  TAPE 93-4, SIDE A                                                            
  Number 000                                                                   
                                                                               
  CHAIRMAN CARL MOSES called the meeting to order at 8:40 a.m.                 
  He noted all members in attendance and asked David Benton to                 
  give an overview of international fishing issues that                        
  affected Alaska.                                                             
                                                                               
  DAVID BENTON, DIRECTOR, EXTERNAL AND INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES                 
  AFFAIRS, ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME, began the                       
  overview by pointing out the areas of intense high seas                      
  driftnet fishing in the North Pacific.  This area, known as                  
  the Donut Hole area of the Central Bering Sea, is a body of                  
  international water outside the jurisdiction of Russia and                   
  the United States.  He produced a map which showed the areas                 
  of salmon and squid fishing by Japanese and Korean vessels                   
  in 1991.                                                                     
                                                                               
  MR. BENTON showed a short video from 1989, put together by                   
  his agency as part of a campaign to deal with high seas fish                 
  interception.  The video was to go to the United Nations to                  
  help put an end to high seas driftnetting, which targeted                    
  immature salmon.  The video told of foreign driftnet vessels                 
  illegally taking U.S. salmon in unauthorized waters.  The                    
  U.S. has convicted fishermen for illegally fishing for                       
  salmon in squid territories.  There were few regulatory                      
  observers on board these ships, which resulted in a lack of                  
  surveillance of their activities, he noted.                                  
                                                                               
  The video testimony of HAROLD THOMPSON told of reduced                       
  catches and salmon marked by the nets of the high seas                       
  driftnetting fleets.                                                         
                                                                               
  MR. BENTON resumed after the video and said that in 1988,                    
  the relations between the USSR and the U.S. allowed                          
  negotiation of a comprehensive fisheries arrangement which                   
  provided that each body would cooperate on salmon issues by                  
  crafting a new International Salmon Treaty.  In 1992, a                      
  treaty was signed by Japan, Canada, the United States, and                   
  the Russian Federation which resulted in new fishing areas                   
  that allowed for no interception of salmon.  The United                      
  States also negotiated an agreement with the Russians last                   
  August, that closed the Bering Sea and waters east of the                    
  170 East Longitude Line.  There now were no legal driftnet                   
  operations, and Japanese, Taiwanese, and Korean vessels had                  
  satellite transmitters on board to allow for tracking, he                    
  said.                                                                        
                                                                               
  MR. BENTON noted the Central Bering Sea area was important                   
  because there was no treaty to regulate fishing there and                    
  the pollack stocks were being depleted.  He advised that the                 
  United States and Russia met to discuss the Donut Hole area,                 
  and had decided on a strategy to get representatives from                    
  six countries:  Japan, Korea, China, Poland, Russia, and the                 
  U.S. to secure interim measures to monitor fishing in the                    
  area by having observers on the boats.                                       
                                                                               
  MR. BENTON added the U.S. had gotten the Central Bering Sea                  
  Enforcement Act from Congress to use at the negotiation                      
  table with the six countries.  This Act allowed for                          
  transmitters on fishing boats to be used as monitoring                       
  devices.  The U.S. had to restrict fishing off the eastern                   
  shelf and the Russians ceased fishing adjacent to the Donut                  
  Hole because of severely depleted stocks of salmon, he                       
  added.                                                                       
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE BEN GRUSSENDORF stated negotiations had                       
  changed since the former USSR was now the Russian Republics                  
  and enforcement that used to be handled by the USSR was now                  
  impossible, due to disorganization and a lack of fuel for                    
  boats.                                                                       
                                                                               
  MR. BENTON agreed and noted that Russian observers had been                  
  caught under-logging quantities and types of fish taken on                   
  Russian trollers, which was just one of many problems.                       
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE GAIL PHILLIPS asked if other countries had a                  
  different underlying philosophy than that of the U.S. about                  
  the detriment involved with high seas driftnetting.                          
                                                                               
  MR. BENTON agreed that other countries, especially Japan,                    
  saw no problem or implications with driftnetting.  Now, the                  
  Japanese were investing in hatchery production and were more                 
  involved in conservation of the resource, he added.                          
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE CLIFF DAVIDSON stated that until Russia could                 
  better manage their fleets, the Japanese could leverage them                 
  to the detriment of American markets.  He then asked if the                  
  Japanese intent was to undermine the American salmon market.                 
                                                                               
  MR. BENTON saw no other reason for the Japanese to be                        
  operating the high seas driftnets.                                           
                                                                               
  TAPE 93-4 SIDE B                                                             
  Number 000                                                                   
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE GRUSSENDORF asked if the Japanese were                        
  getting leases on krill and hatcheries.                                      
                                                                               
  MR. BENTON advised that the Japanese already had their                       
  hatcheries in place.                                                         
                                                                               
  ADJOURNMENT                                                                  
                                                                               
  CHAIRMAN MOSES asked members and the public if there were                    
  further comments.  Hearing none, he adjourned the meeting at                 
  9:35 a.m.                                                                    
                                                                               
  Attached: 1991 High Seas Driftnetting map                                    
            1993 Salmon Fishing Areas map                                      

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